Top 5 Stitches for Machine Appliqué

Machine appliqué combines speed and durability, making it perfect for designs that need to last through regular use and washing. Choosing the right stitch is essential for securing raw edges and achieving the desired finish. Here’s a quick guide to the top 5 stitches for machine appliqué:

• Zigzag Stitch: Versatile and beginner-friendly, it secures edges while offering a range of finishes, from subtle to bold.
• Blanket Stitch: Adds a decorative touch while firmly holding edges, ideal for cotton fabrics and fusible appliqué.
• Straight Stitch: Simple and quick, it creates a clean edge but allows for fraying, suitable for casual or rustic designs.
• Satin Stitch: Dense and polished, it provides a professional look and strong edge security but requires more skill.
• Decorative Stitches: Perfect for adding detail and personality to designs, though they may need reinforcement for durability.

Each stitch offers unique benefits depending on your project’s needs, fabric type, and desired style. Experimenting with different settings and practicing on scraps can help you master these techniques for stunning results.

4 Raw Edge Applique Stitches You'll Love (And How To Use Them Correctly)

1. Zigzag Stitch

The zigzag stitch creates a series of connected V shapes by moving the needle back and forth. It's a go-to choice for machine appliqué because it not only secures raw edges to prevent fraying but also adds a touch of style to your designs. The look and feel of the stitch can vary depending on how you adjust the settings.

Visual Effect

With a narrow setting, the zigzag stitch can be almost invisible, offering a subtle finish. On the other hand, tighter and denser settings create a decorative, satin-like band. This stitch adds texture and helps highlight design elements.

Best Suited For

Thanks to its versatility, the zigzag stitch works well with a variety of fabrics and design aesthetics. For a rustic or casual look, medium-to-large stitch settings can give a more relaxed vibe. Tightly woven fabrics pair nicely with narrower zigzag stitches, while loosely woven materials benefit from wider stitches that provide better edge coverage. Its flexibility is especially handy for aprons that will endure frequent washing and wear, as it accommodates slight fabric movement without compromising the design.

Edge Security

One of the zigzag stitch's strengths is its ability to secure fabric edges, preventing fraying even after trimming. For lightweight fabrics, it’s best to avoid combining wide stitches with very short lengths, as this can lead to puckering. Using a stabilizer underneath can help you achieve a clean, stable finish that holds up well over time, even with repeated washing.

Skill Level Required

Zigzag stitching is beginner-friendly and straightforward to master, especially with modern sewing machines that come equipped with standard zigzag settings. Practicing on fabric scraps is a great way to fine-tune the stitch length and width, ensuring consistent results when you move on to your final apron design.

2. Blanket Stitch

The blanket stitch is a versatile technique that not only secures raw edges and appliqué pieces but also adds a decorative element to your project. It’s a functional stitch that enhances the design while keeping everything in place.

Visual Effect

This stitch creates a neat frame around appliqué pieces and offers plenty of flexibility. Adjusting the stitch length and width can produce effects ranging from delicate to bold. The thread you choose plays a big role too - it can make the stitch stand out or blend seamlessly with the fabric. For example, on batik fabrics, the blanket stitch often blends subtly into the background, creating a softer effect instead of a sharp contrast.

Best Suited For

The blanket stitch works particularly well on 100% cotton fabrics and is a go-to for finishing the edges of fusible appliqué. It’s adaptable to different materials, including t-shirts and knits, especially when paired with a ballpoint needle. Thread color dramatically changes the look: matching thread gives a bright, cohesive feel, while contrasting thread adds a rustic, handmade charm. It’s also a great choice for items like aprons, offering both durability and a polished finish.

When deciding on stitch width, think about the size of your appliqué. Larger shapes benefit from wider stitches, while smaller ones look better with narrower settings. Cosmic Aprons, for instance, frequently use this stitch for its balance of decorative appeal and reliable edge coverage.

Edge Security

A snug blanket stitch provides excellent durability, ensuring raw edges are secure even if there’s slight fraying. It not only holds the appliqué firmly in place but also outlines its shape beautifully. For best results, consider using a stabilizer to keep the fabric flat and avoid puckering during stitching.

Skill Level Required

The blanket stitch is beginner-friendly, especially for those with basic machine appliqué experience. Success comes down to experimenting with thread, stitch width, and length to find the perfect combination for your project. Practice is key - particularly when navigating corners and curves. Testing on scrap fabric can help you refine your technique before working on your final piece.

As quilting expert Elaine Theriault says, "Thankfully, there are no rules and no quilt police". This freedom encourages sewers to experiment and enjoy the creative process of appliqué.

3. Straight Stitch

Straight stitch is a go-to technique in machine appliqué, offering a simple and speedy way to finish edges. It creates a single, clean line along the edge of your appliqué, making it a favorite for projects that embrace a minimalist aesthetic.

Visual Effect

This stitch delivers a crisp, clean line that allows your appliqué design to take center stage. Over time, and with washing, the edges naturally fray, adding a soft, weathered charm to your piece. This effect works beautifully for projects aiming to capture a casual, handcrafted vibe.

Best Suited For

Straight stitch is particularly effective for reverse appliqué, where it secures edges that will later be covered by additional fabric layers. It’s also a reliable choice for locking threads at the start and end of your stitching lines. This technique is perfect for projects with a deliberately relaxed, frayed look - think baby quilts, rustic home décor, or farmhouse-style designs. For example, it’s an excellent option for creating stylish kitchen aprons, like those featured at Cosmic Aprons. However, keep in mind that it may not hold up as well for items subjected to heavy use or frequent washing.

Edge Security

While straight stitch is quick and easy, it doesn’t offer the strongest hold. The frayed edges, while visually appealing, can reduce the durability of your project over time. To strike a balance between style and structure, consider using fusible web to secure the appliqué piece before stitching. Position your stitches about 1/8 inch from the edge to achieve that soft, frayed look while maintaining some stability.

Skill Level Required

Straight stitch is simple enough for beginners and works best for low-wear projects. However, if long-term durability is a concern, reinforcement is key - use fusible web and ensure precise stitch placement (again, about 1/8 inch from the edge) . For high-use items, you might want to explore sturdier options like zigzag or blanket stitches instead.

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4. Satin Stitch

Satin stitch is a popular technique in machine appliqué, known for creating a dense, glossy line that adds a bold and polished touch to designs.

Visual Effect

This stitch delivers a sleek, shiny finish that enhances appliqué shapes, giving your projects a professional and refined look. The dense thread coverage not only adds texture but also makes the design visually striking.

Its polished appearance works especially well on items like decorative kitchen aprons or garments for special occasions, where a sophisticated touch is key.

Best Suited For

Satin stitch is perfect for designs that demand elegance and attention to detail. It works best with medium-sized appliqué shapes that have smooth edges. The technique is particularly effective for projects where texture plays a role, such as baby-friendly sensory items, thanks to its soft and touchable finish.

Thicker fabrics are ideal for satin stitch, as they provide the stability needed for its dense thread coverage. For instance, kitchen aprons from brands like Cosmic Aprons benefit from this technique, blending durability with style. Additionally, it holds up well on quilts for children, enduring frequent washing and handling without losing its charm.

Edge Security

Satin stitch isn’t just about looks - it also reinforces the edges of your appliqué. By encasing the perimeter in a continuous line of thread, it prevents fraying and ensures the design remains intact over time.

For a flawless finish, start with an outline stitch, such as a split stitch, along the design line before applying the satin stitch. Maintaining consistent tension and stitch density is crucial for achieving a professional appearance, and properly securing thread ends adds to the design's longevity.

Skill Level Required

This technique is best suited for those with intermediate to advanced sewing skills due to its technical complexity. Machine settings play a crucial role: set the stitch length between 0.2 and 0.5 and the width between 2.0 and 4.0 for optimal results. Using a 40-weight embroidery thread can further enhance the edges of your appliqué.

To master curves and sharp points, pivot frequently and reduce the stitch width as needed. Let the machine guide the fabric naturally - pushing or pulling can distort the stitches and compromise the smooth finish.

Although the learning curve is steeper than with simpler stitches, the satin stitch’s polished, high-end results make it worth the effort for projects that require a refined and professional touch.

5. Decorative and Specialty Stitches

Once you've mastered the basics, decorative and specialty stitches can take your machine appliqué to the next level. These stitches let you add depth and intricate details, transforming simple designs into something extraordinary.

Visual Effect

Decorative stitches can dramatically enhance the look of your appliqué projects. Whether it's chain stitches, motif stitches, or 3D puff stitches, each type brings its own personality to your design. For example, motif stitches often feature repeating patterns like stars or leaves, adding intricate flair to your work. You can use these stitches to create hand-sewn effects, turn basic shapes into floral designs, or add unique accents to existing elements. A stitch sampler is a helpful tool to see how different stitches look with various width and length settings. These effects make decorative stitches perfect for projects where creativity is the focus.

Best Suited For

Decorative stitches shine in artistic appliqué projects and specialty items, such as custom kitchen aprons. For instance, adding decorative details can make a simple apron design pop, giving it personality and charm. This approach aligns well with brands like Cosmic Aprons, which emphasize unique, personalized creations.

When choosing a stitch, think about your design's shapes, curves, and angles. Simpler stitches work better for complex shapes with sharp angles, while flowing designs can handle more intricate patterns. Woven fabrics typically work well with lockstitch-based decorative stitches, while knits may require stretchable stitches to maintain flexibility. While basic stitches secure the appliqué, decorative ones elevate its aesthetic appeal, blending style with function.

Edge Security

While decorative stitches enhance the look of your design, their durability can vary. To reinforce edges on high-use items, use stronger threads like polyester or nylon and opt for shorter stitch lengths. Factors like fabric type, seam placement, thread choice, and sewing machine settings can all impact the durability of your stitches.

Skill Level Required

Using decorative and specialty stitches often calls for intermediate to advanced skills due to their complexity and the precision they require. However, even beginners can achieve great results with practice.

"If you're new to applique, play with the stitches on scrap fabric until you gain enough confidence to use those decorative stitches for applique", suggests Elaine Theriault, Teacher, Writer, and Pattern Designer.

Beginners should start by practicing on scrap fabric and working with simpler designs to build confidence. Creating sample stitch-outs can help you understand stitch patterns and avoid costly mistakes. Key tips include using the right stabilizer, slowing down your machine for better control, and carefully managing corners and curves with non-traditional stitches.

"Making mistakes is the only way to learn, and many happy design elements come from learning", says Elaine Theriault.

While the learning curve may seem steep, mastering decorative stitches opens up a world of creative possibilities for anyone ready to go beyond basic appliqué techniques.

Stitch Comparison Chart

The chart below highlights key characteristics of different stitches to help you choose the best option for your project.

Stitch Type	Visual Effect	Best Uses	Edge Security	Skill Level
Zigzag Stitch	Satin Zigzag: Thick and dense, creating a bold, seamless line with no visible background fabric. Narrow Zigzag: Subtle and nearly invisible.	Works well for most appliqué projects and is great for beginners.	Offers a forgiving finish but isn’t as effective at preventing fraying as blanket or satin stitches.	Beginner to Intermediate (narrow zigzag requires more precision).
Blanket Stitch	Creates a straight edge stitch with a perpendicular decorative line, giving a handcrafted look that’s stylish but not overly flashy.	Commonly used in quilting and projects requiring durability.	Provides excellent fraying prevention and is ideal for raw-edge appliqué quilts.	Intermediate (requires practice to master timing and rhythm).
Straight Stitch	A simple, quick finish with minimal visual appeal, offering a basic, “primitive” look.	Best for light-wear projects or temporary stitching.	The least secure option, as edges may fray over time.	Beginner (easy and fast to learn).
Satin Stitch	Dense and polished, fully covering fabric edges for a smooth, professional appearance.	Perfect for high-end projects needing a refined finish.	Highly secure and fray-resistant, though its density may weaken fabric with repeated washing.	Advanced (requires precision for a neat finish).
Decorative/Specialty	Offers bold, creative designs like scalloped satin stitches.	Ideal for artistic and custom projects, such as decorative aprons.	Security varies by stitch type; stronger threads may be needed for high-use items.	Intermediate to Advanced (complex designs demand precision).

The thread you choose can significantly influence the stitch’s appearance, while stabilizers play a crucial role in maintaining stitch quality. Factors like thread weight and type can also affect durability. Always test a sample stitch before starting your main project to avoid wasting time and materials . This chart serves as a handy reference when deciding which stitch will bring your design to life.

Conclusion

Selecting the right stitch for your machine appliqué projects can make all the difference, transforming your work from basic to polished. This is especially crucial for functional items, like kitchen or craft aprons, that need to endure frequent washing and daily wear.

Stitches such as zigzag and blanket are not just practical - they also add a creative touch. These stitches help prevent fraying on well-used items while offering a range of finishes, from subtle to striking. For example, a narrow zigzag can blend seamlessly into your design, allowing the fabric to take center stage. On the other hand, a satin stitch provides a bold, decorative edge that stands out beautifully.

Experimentation is your best friend when it comes to mastering machine appliqué. Modern sewing machines come with a variety of stitch options, giving you plenty of ways to customize your projects. As embroidery artist Georgie K Emery from the DMC Designer Collection wisely advises:

"Have patience and with each attempt it will get easier".

Before diving into your final piece, test different settings on scrap fabric. Create stitch samples, wash them, and observe how well they hold up. This extra step will help you find the perfect stitch to minimize fraying and ensure lasting durability. By refining your technique and experimenting with your machine’s capabilities, you can create appliqué that is both durable and visually stunning.

FAQs

What’s the best stitch to use for machine appliqué on different types of fabric?

When it comes to machine appliqué, selecting the right stitch depends on both your fabric and the style you're aiming for. For lighter fabrics like cotton, a zigzag stitch or satin stitch provides a neat and secure finish. If you're working with heavier materials, consider using a wider stitch to ensure it holds up well. A blanket stitch is another excellent choice, especially if you're looking for a decorative touch on thicker fabrics like felt.

Before diving into your project, it’s always a smart idea to test your stitch on a scrap piece of fabric that’s similar to your main material. This allows you to adjust the stitch width, length, and tension to get the best possible outcome. Taking the time to fine-tune these settings ensures your appliqué looks professional and stands the test of time.

What are the most common mistakes beginners make with machine appliqué stitches, and how can they fix them?

Beginners often run into a few hiccups when it comes to machine appliqué stitches, like picking the wrong stitch type or skipping essential fabric prep. For instance, using straight stitches might seem like a quick fix, but it leaves fabric edges unprotected, which can lead to fraying. Instead, go with zigzag or satin stitches - they do a much better job of covering and securing the edges.

Another common problem is skipping fabric stabilization. Without a stabilizer or fusible interfacing, your fabric can pucker or shift during stitching, making the final result less polished. Taking the time to stabilize ensures everything stays steady as you sew. Also, don’t overlook your sewing machine's condition - make sure it’s well-maintained, properly threaded, and that the tension settings are just right for the job.

To get the hang of it, practice on some scrap fabric first. And when you’re ready to work on your actual design, begin stitching in less noticeable areas. This way, you can build your confidence and precision without worrying about mistakes being front and center on your finished project.

What can I do to make sure my appliqué projects last, even with frequent washing?

To ensure your appliqué projects stand the test of time - especially if they'll go through frequent washing - start by using a lightweight fusible web or stabilizer underneath the appliqué. This adds extra support and helps prevent fraying. For stitching, a close zigzag or satin stitch is your best bet to keep the edges secure and neat.

When it comes to washing, turn the item inside out, skip the fabric softeners, and stick to a gentle cycle or even hand washing to protect the design. Using high-quality materials, like 100% cotton fabrics, can also make a big difference in durability. Follow these tips, and your appliqué projects will stay looking fresh and intact for years!